chore: 后端首次基线提交

运行必须源码：app/(controller/model/service/middleware/lib/utils/validate/router)、config/、database/(migrations/seeders/sql)、启动脚本、app/public/templates 模板。已忽略运行非必须：node_modules/、logs/、run/、app/public 运行时上传数据、.env*、构建/缓存产物。
2026-08-17 12:25:42 +08:00
commit a303cf2d53
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--- a/database/006-seed-50-20-30.sql
+++ b/database/006-seed-50-20-30.sql
@@ -0,0 +1,207 @@
+-- =====================================================================
+-- 种子数据：选择题(50题×1分) + 判断题(20题×1分) + 综合性任务(1题×30分)
+-- 总分：100分，符合"卫星通信与导航应用技术创新赛线上选拔赛"题型结构
+-- =====================================================================
+
+-- 清空现有数据
+DELETE FROM choice_questions;
+DELETE FROM judge_questions;
+DELETE FROM word_questions;
+ALTER TABLE choice_questions AUTO_INCREMENT = 1;
+ALTER TABLE judge_questions AUTO_INCREMENT = 1;
+ALTER TABLE word_questions AUTO_INCREMENT = 1;
+
+-- =====================================================================
+-- 第一篇：卫星通信技术（第1-6章）——选择题 (16题)
+-- =====================================================================
+
+INSERT INTO choice_questions (`group`, question, options, answer, score, sort_order, created_at, updated_at) VALUES
+('zhongzhi', '卫星通信定义为？', '[{"key":"A","text":"利用卫星在地面站之间进行的通信"},{"key":"B","text":"利用卫星转发无线电信号实现多个地球站之间的通信"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星与飞机之间的通信"},{"key":"D","text":"卫星之间的宇宙通信"}]', 'B', 1, 1, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星通信中，地球站向卫星发射信号的链路称为？', '[{"key":"A","text":"下行链路"},{"key":"B","text":"上行链路"},{"key":"C","text":"前向链路"},{"key":"D","text":"反向链路"}]', 'B', 1, 2, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星通信的主要优点不包括以下哪项？', '[{"key":"A","text":"覆盖范围大"},{"key":"B","text":"通信容量大"},{"key":"C","text":"建站成本低"},{"key":"D","text":"不受地理条件限制"}]', 'C', 1, 3, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '通信系统中，将原始信号转换为适合信道传输的信号的过程称为？', '[{"key":"A","text":"编码"},{"key":"B","text":"调制"},{"key":"C","text":"解码"},{"key":"D","text":"解调"}]', 'B', 1, 4, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'GEO卫星的轨道高度约为？', '[{"key":"A","text":"500-1500 km"},{"key":"B","text":"5000-12000 km"},{"key":"C","text":"20200 km"},{"key":"D","text":"35786 km"}]', 'D', 1, 5, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'MEO卫星的轨道高度范围是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"低于500 km"},{"key":"B","text":"500-2000 km"},{"key":"C","text":"5000-20000 km"},{"key":"D","text":"35786 km"}]', 'C', 1, 6, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'LEO卫星的轨道倾角通常为？', '[{"key":"A","text":"0度"},{"key":"B","text":"近极地轨道"},{"key":"C","text":"赤道轨道"},{"key":"D","text":"地球同步轨道"}]', 'B', 1, 7, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星通信中，频率复用技术的主要作用是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"提高频率利用率"},{"key":"B","text":"降低发射功率"},{"key":"C","text":"减少卫星数量"},{"key":"D","text":"提高信号质量"}]', 'A', 1, 8, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '以下哪种不是卫星通信的多址方式？', '[{"key":"A","text":"FDMA"},{"key":"B","text":"TDMA"},{"key":"C","text":"CDMA"},{"key":"D","text":"ADMA"}]', 'D', 1, 9, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星物联网中，星上处理的主要目的是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"增加卫星重量"},{"key":"B","text":"提高传输效率"},{"key":"C","text":"降低功率"},{"key":"D","text":"增加轨道高度"}]', 'B', 1, 10, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '低轨卫星星座的特点是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"单星覆盖大，但需要星上处理"},{"key":"B","text":"全球覆盖，大容量低时延"},{"key":"C","text":"只有一颗卫星"},{"key":"D","text":"不需要切换"}]', 'B', 1, 11, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星通信系统的转发器作用是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"存储数据"},{"key":"B","text":"放大变频转发信号"},{"key":"C","text":"计算信号"},{"key":"D","text":"控制卫星姿态"}]', 'B', 1, 12, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星天线的指向精度影响？', '[{"key":"A","text":"信号接收功率"},{"key":"B","text":"卫星重量"},{"key":"C","text":"轨道高度"},{"key":"D","text":"卫星寿命"}]', 'A', 1, 13, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星电源系统主要采用？', '[{"key":"A","text":"燃料电池"},{"key":"B","text":"太阳能电池阵+蓄电池组"},{"key":"C","text":"核能发电"},{"key":"D","text":"化学电池"}]', 'B', 1, 14, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '以下哪个频段常用作卫星通信上行？', '[{"key":"A","text":"UHF"},{"key":"B","text":"C-band"},{"key":"C","text":"Ku-band"},{"key":"D","text":"Ka-band"}]', 'D', 1, 15, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星姿态控制的目的是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"改变轨道高度"},{"key":"B","text":"保持天线指向目标区域"},{"key":"C","text":"改变速度"},{"key":"D","text":"减少功耗"}]', 'B', 1, 16, NOW(), NOW());
+
+-- =====================================================================
+-- 第二篇：卫星导航技术（第1-8章）——选择题 (34题)
+-- =====================================================================
+
+INSERT INTO choice_questions (`group`, question, options, answer, score, sort_order, created_at, updated_at) VALUES
+('zhongzhi', 'GNSS的全称是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"Global Navigation Satellite System"},{"key":"B","text":"Global Network Service System"},{"key":"C","text":"General Navigation Support System"},{"key":"D","text":"Geo Navigation Satellite System"}]', 'A', 1, 17, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '以下哪个不属于四大全球导航卫星星座？', '[{"key":"A","text":"GPS"},{"key":"B","text":"北斗"},{"key":"C","text":"GLONASS"},{"key":"D","text":"WAAS"}]', 'D', 1, 18, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '北斗三号全球系统提供多少颗卫星？', '[{"key":"A","text":"24"},{"key":"B","text":"30"},{"key":"C","text":"35"},{"key":"D","text":"40"}]', 'C', 1, 19, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'GPS卫星导航系统至少需要几颗卫星才能实现三维定位？', '[{"key":"A","text":"2颗"},{"key":"B","text":"3颗"},{"key":"C","text":"4颗"},{"key":"D","text":"5颗"}]', 'C', 1, 20, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '伪距测量测量的是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星到接收机的几何距离"},{"key":"B","text":"卫星信号传播时间乘以光速得到的距离"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星到地心的距离"},{"key":"D","text":"接收机到地面的距离"}]', 'B', 1, 21, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星定位误差中，属于系统误差的是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"电离层延迟误差"},{"key":"B","text":"接收机噪声"},{"key":"C","text":"多径效应随机误差"},{"key":"D","text":"测量噪声"}]', 'A', 1, 22, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '差分定位技术中，RTK的全称是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"Real-Time Kinematic"},{"key":"B","text":"Rapid Tracking Kinematic"},{"key":"C","text":"Real-Time Kalman"},{"key":"D","text":"Radio Transmission Kinematic"}]', 'A', 1, 23, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'NMEA-0183协议中，GGA语句主要提供什么信息？', '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星星历"},{"key":"B","text":"定位数据"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星状态"},{"key":"D","text":"速度信息"}]', 'B', 1, 24, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '北斗系统独具特色的服务是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"仅定位"},{"key":"B","text":"短报文通信"},{"key":"C","text":"仅授时"},{"key":"D","text":"仅测速"}]', 'B', 1, 25, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '高精度差分定位中，NTRIP协议用于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星轨道计算"},{"key":"B","text":"通过互联网传输差分改正数据"},{"key":"C","text":"信号调制"},{"key":"D","text":"误差计算"}]', 'B', 1, 26, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星导航接收机的灵敏度主要影响？', '[{"key":"A","text":"捕获卫星信号的能力"},{"key":"B","text":"发射功率"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星轨道高度"},{"key":"D","text":"计算速度"}]', 'A', 1, 27, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '组合导航GNSS+IMU中，IMU的作用是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"提供加速度和角速度"},{"key":"B","text":"提供定位结果"},{"key":"C","text":"提供时间信息"},{"key":"D","text":"提供卫星星历"}]', 'A', 1, 28, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '多路径效应产生的原因是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星信号经过反射后与直达信号干涉"},{"key":"B","text":"多颗卫星信号叠加"},{"key":"C","text":"多个接收机同时工作"},{"key":"D","text":"电离层反射信号"}]', 'A', 1, 29, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'RTCM标准主要用于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星导航电文标准"},{"key":"B","text":"差分改正数据标准"},{"key":"C","text":"NMEA输出标准"},{"key":"D","text":"接口通信标准"}]', 'B', 1, 30, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'PDOP值越大表示？', '[{"key":"A","text":"定位精度越好"},{"key":"B","text":"定位几何误差越大"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星越多"},{"key":"D","text":"温度越高"}]', 'B', 1, 31, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '北斗卫星导航系统的服务区覆盖？', '[{"key":"A","text":"仅中国"},{"key":"B","text":"亚太地区"},{"key":"C","text":"全球"},{"key":"D","text":"仅北半球"}]', 'C', 1, 32, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'GPS卫星星历更新周期通常为？', '[{"key":"A","text":"30秒"},{"key":"B","text":"2小时"},{"key":"C","text":"1天"},{"key":"D","text":"1周"}]', 'B', 1, 33, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '静态相对定位主要用于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"需要高精度大地测量"},{"key":"B","text":"车辆导航"},{"key":"C","text":"船舶导航"},{"key":"D","text":"飞机导航"}]', 'A', 1, 34, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '载波相位测量相比伪距测量？', '[{"key":"A","text":"精度更高"},{"key":"B","text":"精度更低"},{"key":"C","text":"精度相同"},{"key":"D","text":"无法比较"}]', 'A', 1, 35, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '电离层延迟对伪距测量的影响？', '[{"key":"A","text":"夜间比白天大"},{"key":"B","text":"白天比夜间大"},{"key":"C","text":"没有影响"},{"key":"D","text":"只在冬季有影响"}]', 'B', 1, 36, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '周跳发生在？', '[{"key":"A","text":"载波相位测量中"},{"key":"B","text":"伪距测量中"},{"key":"C","text":"信号发射时"},{"key":"D","text":"卫星星历计算时"}]', 'A', 1, 37, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'GPS系统由多少颗卫星组成？', '[{"key":"A","text":"24"},{"key":"B","text":"31"},{"key":"C","text":"35"},{"key":"D","text":"40"}]', 'A', 1, 38, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '以下哪种不属于北斗增强系统？', '[{"key":"A","text":"SBAS"},{"key":"B","text":"GBAS"},{"key":"C","text":"BDS-IS"},{"key":"D","text":"GLONASS"}]', 'D', 1, 39, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '单点定位精度通常为？', '[{"key":"A","text":"厘米级"},{"key":"B","text":"米级"},{"key":"C","text":"分米级"},{"key":"D","text":"毫米级"}]', 'B', 1, 40, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'RTK定位精度通常达到？', '[{"key":"A","text":"厘米级"},{"key":"B","text":"米级"},{"key":"C","text":"千米级"},{"key":"D","text":"十米级"}]', 'A', 1, 41, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'NMEA-0183语句的结束标志是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"换行"},{"key":"B","text":"校验和"},{"key":"C","text":"星号"},{"key":"D","text":"回车"}]', 'B', 1, 42, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '以下哪个不是北斗卫星导航系统的特点？', '[{"key":"A","text":"有源定位"},{"key":"B","text":"短报文通信"},{"key":"C","text":"区域服务不能全球覆盖"},{"key":"D","text":"三频信号"}]', 'C', 1, 43, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星导航接收机捕获阶段的主要作用是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"搜索卫星信号并确定频率码相位"},{"key":"B","text":"跟踪信号"},{"key":"C","text":"计算位置"},{"key":"D","text":"输出速度"}]', 'A', 1, 44, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '对流层延迟改正模型中，通常使用？', '[{"key":"A","text":"Hopfield模型"},{"key":"B","text":"Klobuchar模型"},{"key":"C","text":"Black模型"},{"key":"D","text":"高斯模型"}]', 'A', 1, 45, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '全球定位系统中，UTC表示？', '[{"key":"A","text":"世界时"},{"key":"B","text":"协调世界时"},{"key":"C","text":"原子时"},{"key":"D","text":"恒星时"}]', 'B', 1, 46, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '整周模糊度解算属于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"伪距测量问题"},{"key":"B","text":"载波相位测量问题"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星轨道问题"},{"key":"D","text":"电离层问题"}]', 'B', 1, 47, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '以下哪个频率是北斗B1I信号频率？', '[{"key":"A","text":"1561.098 MHz"},{"key":"B","text":"1268.52 MHz"},{"key":"C","text":"1176.45 MHz"},{"key":"D","text":"1575.42 MHz"}]', 'A', 1, 48, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'GPS选择的PRN码特点是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"自相关特性好，互相关特性弱"},{"key":"B","text":"自相关特性弱，互相关特性强"},{"key":"C","text":"长度固定不变"},{"key":"D","text":"只有一个码"}]', 'A', 1, 49, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '下列哪项不属于卫星导航的应用？', '[{"key":"A","text":"车辆导航"},{"key":"B","text":"工程测量"},{"key":"C","text":"火力发电"},{"key":"D","text":"时间同步"}]', 'C', 1, 50, NOW(), NOW());
+
+-- =====================================================================
+-- 高职组补充选择题（同样50题）
+-- =====================================================================
+
+INSERT INTO choice_questions (`group`, question, options, answer, score, sort_order, created_at, updated_at) VALUES
+('gaozhi', '卫星通信中，FDMA的含义是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"频分多址"},{"key":"B","text":"时分多址"},{"key":"C","text":"码分多址"},{"key":"D","text":"空分多址"}]', 'A', 1, 1, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'GEO卫星的星下点位置相对于地面观察者？', '[{"key":"A","text":"不断高速移动"},{"key":"B","text":"基本静止"},{"key":"C","text":"每天环绕一次"},{"key":"D","text":"每月环绕一次"}]', 'B', 1, 2, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'OFDM技术中，子载波之间保持正交性的目的是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"提高发射功率"},{"key":"B","text":"避免子载波间干扰"},{"key":"C","text":"增加带宽"},{"key":"D","text":"降低频率"}]', 'B', 1, 3, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '北斗三号全球卫星导航系统具备以下哪种特色服务？', '[{"key":"A","text":"仅定位服务"},{"key":"B","text":"短报文通信"},{"key":"C","text":"仅授时服务"},{"key":"D","text":"仅测速服务"}]', 'B', 1, 4, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '5G网络中，Massive MIMO技术的主要优势是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"降低功耗"},{"key":"B","text":"提升频谱效率和容量"},{"key":"C","text":"减少天线数量"},{"key":"D","text":"简化网络架构"}]', 'B', 1, 5, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '网络切片技术属于5G的哪个核心特性？', '[{"key":"A","text":"eMBB"},{"key":"B","text":"URLLC"},{"key":"C","text":"mMTC"},{"key":"D","text":"网络能力开放"}]', 'D', 1, 6, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '在通信安全中，以下哪种攻击属于被动攻击？', '[{"key":"A","text":"篡改"},{"key":"B","text":"窃听"},{"key":"C","text":"拒绝服务"},{"key":"D","text":"伪装"}]', 'B', 1, 7, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'NTRIP协议主要用于什么场景？', '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星遥测"},{"key":"B","text":"差分数据网络传输"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星轨道控制"},{"key":"D","text":"信号加密传输"}]', 'B', 1, 8, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '组合导航（GNSS+IMU）的核心优势是什么？', '[{"key":"A","text":"降低成本"},{"key":"B","text":"无缝切换与误差互补"},{"key":"C","text":"减少卫星数量"},{"key":"D","text":"提高发射功率"}]', 'B', 1, 9, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '5G网络中，URLLC场景的主要特征是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"高速率大带宽"},{"key":"B","text":"低时延高可靠"},{"key":"C","text":"海量连接"},{"key":"D","text":"广域覆盖"}]', 'B', 1, 10, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '卫星定位中，伪距测量的误差来源不包括？', '[{"key":"A","text":"电离层延迟"},{"key":"B","text":"对流层延迟"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星轨道误差"},{"key":"D","text":"用户设备重量"}]', 'D', 1, 11, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '低轨卫星物联网相比GEO卫星的主要优势是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"覆盖范围更大"},{"key":"B","text":"传输时延更低"},{"key":"C","text":"单星容量更大"},{"key":"D","text":"使用寿命更长"}]', 'B', 1, 12, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'QPSK调制属于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"模拟调制"},{"key":"B","text":"数字相位调制"},{"key":"C","text":"幅度调制"},{"key":"D","text":"频率调制"}]', 'B', 1, 13, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '信道编码的主要目的是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"提高传输速率"},{"key":"B","text":"对抗传输错误"},{"key":"C","text":"增加功率"},{"key":"D","text":"压缩数据"}]', 'B', 1, 14, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'CDMA技术的特点是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"所有用户同时占用相同频段"},{"key":"B","text":"每个用户占用不同频率"},{"key":"C","text":"每个用户占用不同时隙"},{"key":"D","text":"用户按空间分隔"}]', 'A', 1, 15, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'M-QAM调制中，M越大？', '[{"key":"A","text":"频谱效率越高，误码性能越好"},{"key":"B","text":"频谱效率越高，误码性能越差"},{"key":"C","text":"频谱效率越低，误码性能越好"},{"key":"D","text":"频谱效率越低，误码性能越差"}]', 'B', 1, 16, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '香农公式给出了？', '[{"key":"A","text":"信道容量与带宽信噪比的关系"},{"key":"B","text":"信号功率与频率的关系"},{"key":"C","text":"噪声功率与温度的关系"},{"key":"D","text":"带宽与频率的关系"}]', 'A', 1, 17, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '均衡技术主要用于补偿？', '[{"key":"A","text":"信道衰落引起的码间干扰"},{"key":"B","text":"噪声干扰"},{"key":"C","text":"频率偏移"},{"key":"D","text":"相位噪声"}]', 'A', 1, 18, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '编码效率等于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"信息位长度/总码长"},{"key":"B","text":"总码长/信息位长度"},{"key":"C","text":"监督位长度/总码长"},{"key":"D","text":"信息位长度/监督位长度"}]', 'A', 1, 19, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'RS编码属于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"分组码"},{"key":"B","text":"卷积码"},{"key":"C","text":"循环码"},{"key":"D","text":"RS不是编码"}]', 'A', 1, 20, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'TCM编码是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"网格编码调制"},{"key":"B","text":" Turbo编码"},{"key":"C","text":"卷积编码"},{"key":"D","text":"里德所罗门编码"}]', 'A', 1, 21, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '扩频通信的主要优点不包括？', '[{"key":"A","text":"抗干扰能力强"},{"key":"B","text":"隐蔽性好"},{"key":"C","text":"功率大"},{"key":"D","text":"多址能力强"}]', 'C', 1, 22, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'DSSS表示？', '[{"key":"A","text":"跳频扩频"},{"key":"B","text":"直接序列扩频"},{"key":"C","text":"跳时扩频"},{"key":"D","text":"线性扩频"}]', 'B', 1, 23, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'AOS协议主要用于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"地面互联网传输"},{"key":"B","text":"星地链路 packet 传输"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星轨道测量"},{"key":"D","text":"信号调制"}]', 'B', 1, 24, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'CCSDS标准是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"空间数据系统咨询委员会标准"},{"key":"B","text":"通信系统标准"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星导航标准"},{"key":"D","text":"互联网标准"}]', 'A', 1, 25, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'LDPC编码属于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"低密度奇偶校验码"},{"key":"B","text":"低密度分组码"},{"key":"C","text":"循环码"},{"key":"D","text":"卷积码"}]', 'A', 1, 26, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'MIMO技术可以提高？', '[{"key":"A","text":"信道容量"},{"key":"B","text":"发射功率"},{"key":"C","text":"噪声功率"},{"key":"D","text":"传播距离"}]', 'A', 1, 27, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'OFDM循环前缀的作用是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"增加功率"},{"key":"B","text":"消除符号间干扰"},{"key":"C","text":"提高频率"},{"key":"D","text":"降低速度"}]', 'B', 1, 28, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'Turbo码的主要优点是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"接近香农极限的性能"},{"key":"B","text":"编码简单"},{"key":"C","text":"译码简单"},{"key":"D","text":"速率很高"}]', 'A', 1, 29, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'ARQ协议的作用是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"自动重传请求"},{"key":"B","text":"自动编码"},{"key":"C","text":"自动应答"},{"key":"D","text":"自动加密"}]', 'A', 1, 30, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'TCP/IP协议中，TCP提供？', '[{"key":"A","text":"面向连接可靠服务"},{"key":"B","text":"无连接不可靠服务"},{"key":"C","text":"广播服务"},{"key":"D","text":"组播服务"}]', 'A', 1, 31, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'UDP协议提供？', '[{"key":"A","text":"面向连接可靠服务"},{"key":"B","text":"无连接不可靠服务"},{"key":"C","text":"广播服务"},{"key":"D","text":"组播服务"}]', 'B', 1, 32, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'HTTPS协议使用什么端口？', '[{"key":"A","text":"80"},{"key":"B","text":"443"},{"key":"C","text":"8080"},{"key":"D","text":"22"}]', 'B', 1, 33, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'IPv6地址长度为？', '[{"key":"A","text":"32位"},{"key":"B","text":"64位"},{"key":"C","text":"128位"},{"key":"D","text":"256位"}]', 'C', 1, 34, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'OSI模型有几层？', '[{"key":"A","text":"5"},{"key":"B","text":"6"},{"key":"C","text":"7"},{"key":"D","text":"8"}]', 'C', 1, 35, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '调制的主要作用是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"将基带信号搬移到高频载波"},{"key":"B","text":"将高频信号搬移到基带"},{"key":"C","text":"放大信号"},{"key":"D","text":"滤波信号"}]', 'A', 1, 36, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '解调的主要作用是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"从高频载波提取基带信号"},{"key":"B","text":"放大信号"},{"key":"C","text":"滤波信号"},{"key":"D","text":"变频信号"}]', 'A', 1, 37, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '信源编码的主要目的是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"提高传输可靠性"},{"key":"B","text":"压缩数据率"},{"key":"C","text":"增加冗余"},{"key":"D","text":"提高功率"}]', 'B', 1, 38, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '信道编码的主要目的是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"压缩数据"},{"key":"B","text":"差错控制"},{"key":"C","text":"提高速率"},{"key":"D","text":"降低功率"}]', 'B', 1, 39, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'AM调制中，调幅指数m满足？', '[{"key":"A","text":"0 ≤ m ≤ 1"},{"key":"B","text":"m > 1"},{"key":"C","text":"m < 0"},{"key":"D","text":"m = 0"}]', 'A', 1, 40, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'FM调制相比AM调制？', '[{"key":"A","text":"抗噪声性能更好"},{"key":"B","text":"功率更小"},{"key":"C","text":"带宽更小"},{"key":"D","text":"实现更简单"}]', 'A', 1, 41, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'PCM编码三个步骤依次是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"抽样、量化、编码"},{"key":"B","text":"量化、抽样、编码"},{"key":"C","text":"编码、抽样、量化"},{"key":"D","text":"抽样、编码、量化"}]', 'A', 1, 42, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '奈奎斯特第一准则解决什么问题？', '[{"key":"A","text":"无码间干扰的传输特性"},{"key":"B","text":"信噪比计算"},{"key":"C","text":"信道容量计算"},{"key":"D","text":"功率分配"}]', 'A', 1, 43, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '匹配滤波器输出信噪比在什么时候最大？', '[{"key":"A","text":"抽样时刻"},{"key":"B","text":"发送时刻"},{"key":"C","text":"接收开始"},{"key":"D","text":"接收结束"}]', 'A', 1, 44, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '升余弦滚降滤波器的作用是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"降低码间干扰"},{"key":"B","text":"增加码间干扰"},{"key":"C","text":"提高功率"},{"key":"D","text":"改变频率"}]', 'A', 1, 45, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '希尔伯特变换主要用于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"产生解析信号"},{"key":"B","text":"滤波信号"},{"key":"C","text":"放大信号"},{"key":"D","text":"变频信号"}]', 'A', 1, 46, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '随机过程的均值反映了？', '[{"key":"A","text":"信号的平均强度"},{"key":"B","text":"信号的起伏程度"},{"key":"C","text":"信号的相关性"},{"key":"D","text":"信号的频率"}]', 'A', 1, 47, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '傅里叶变换将信号变换到？', '[{"key":"A","text":"时域"},{"key":"B","text":"频域"},{"key":"C","text":"空域"},{"key":"D","text":"码域"}]', 'B', 1, 48, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '信噪比等于？', '[{"key":"A","text":"信号功率除以噪声功率"},{"key":"B","text":"噪声功率除以信号功率"},{"key":"C","text":"信号电压除以噪声电压"},{"key":"D","text":"信号电流除以噪声电流"}]', 'A', 1, 49, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '纠错编码的主要作用是？', '[{"key":"A","text":"降低误码率"},{"key":"B","text":"提高误码率"},{"key":"C","text":"增加传输速率"},{"key":"D","text":"降低带宽占用"}]', 'A', 1, 50, NOW(), NOW());
+
+-- =====================================================================
+-- 判断题 (20题 × 中职组 + 20题 × 高职组 = 40题)
+-- =====================================================================
+
+INSERT INTO judge_questions (`group`, question, answer, score, sort_order, created_at, updated_at) VALUES
+-- 中职组 第1-20题
+('zhongzhi', '调制的目的是将低频信号搬移到高频载波上，以便于天线辐射和信道传输。', 'true', 1, 1, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'GPS接收机只需要接收到3颗卫星的信号即可实现三维定位。', 'false', 1, 2, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'AM调制的抗干扰能力优于FM调制。', 'false', 1, 3, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星通信中的上行频率通常高于下行频率。', 'true', 1, 4, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'NMEA-0183协议中每条语句都以"$"开头，以校验和结尾。', 'true', 1, 5, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '北斗卫星导航系统由空间段、地面段、用户段三部分组成。', 'true', 1, 6, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'RTK定位可以达到厘米级精度。', 'true', 1, 7, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '电离层延迟误差与太阳活动无关。', 'false', 1, 8, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '差分定位可以提高定位精度。', 'true', 1, 9, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'GPS卫星本身就是原子钟，提供精确的时间标准。', 'true', 1, 10, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '编码与调制是一回事，都是将信号变换为适合传输的形式。', 'false', 1, 11, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'GEO卫星的星下点始终在赤道上空一个固定点的正上方。', 'true', 1, 12, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'FDMA中，每个用户使用相同的频率。', 'false', 1, 13, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '电磁波在自由空间中的传播损耗与距离的平方成正比。', 'true', 1, 14, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'NTRIP协议用于实时传输差分改正数据。', 'true', 1, 15, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '多路径效应可以通过提高接收机灵敏度来消除。', 'false', 1, 16, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星导航中，PDOP值越小定位精度越好。', 'true', 1, 17, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'GNSS接收机输出符合NMEA-0183标准的数据。', 'true', 1, 18, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', 'GPS卫星信号包含两个频率L1和L2。', 'true', 1, 19, NOW(), NOW()),
+('zhongzhi', '卫星通信时延与卫星高度无关。', 'false', 1, 20, NOW(), NOW()),
+
+-- 高职组 第21-40题
+('gaozhi', 'OFDM系统中，循环前缀的长度必须大于信道的最大时延扩展。', 'true', 1, 21, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '北斗系统只能提供区域导航定位服务，不能提供全球服务。', 'false', 1, 22, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '边缘计算可以将计算任务从云端下沉到网络边缘，降低时延。', 'true', 1, 23, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '数字签名技术可以防止通信内容被窃听。', 'false', 1, 24, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'Massive MIMO技术通过增加天线数量来提升系统容量。', 'true', 1, 25, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '香农公式说明信道容量与带宽和信噪比都正相关。', 'true', 1, 26, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'LDPC码是一种高性能的信道编码。', 'true', 1, 27, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'TCP协议提供面向连接的可靠服务。', 'true', 1, 28, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'UDP协议提供流量控制和拥塞控制。', 'false', 1, 29, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '奈奎斯特第一准则告诉我们理想低通信道的最高码元传输速率等于2B。', 'true', 1, 30, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'CRC校验可以检测出所有的传输错误。', 'false', 1, 31, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'BPSK的误码性能优于QPSK。', 'false', 1, 32, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '协方差函数反映了两个随机变量之间的相关程度。', 'true', 1, 33, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '瑞利分布常用于描述没有直射径的多径衰落信道。', 'true', 1, 34, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'NMEA-0183的GGA语句包含卫星数量和HDOP信息。', 'true', 1, 35, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '卡尔曼滤波可以用于组合导航中的状态估计。', 'true', 1, 36, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '对流层延迟对L1和L2频段信号的影响相同。', 'false', 1, 37, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', 'AOS协议是CCSDS标准中用于空间通信的链路层协议。', 'true', 1, 38, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '扩频通信中，扩频码速率越高，抗干扰能力越强。', 'true', 1, 39, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '卷积码的译码通常使用维特比算法。', 'true', 1, 40, NOW(), NOW());
+
+-- =====================================================================
+-- 综合性任务 (1题 × 中职组 + 1题 × 高职组)
+-- =====================================================================
+
+INSERT INTO word_questions (`group`, title, description, score, sort_order, created_at, updated_at) VALUES
+('zhongzhi', '卫星通信系统基本原理', '请结合第一篇卫星通信技术，简述卫星通信系统的基本组成，包括空间段、地面段、用户段三大部分，并说明各部分的主要功能。分析GEO/MEO/LEO三种轨道的特点及其适用场景，举例说明典型应用。', 30, 1, NOW(), NOW()),
+('gaozhi', '卫星导航融合定位方案设计', '请结合第二篇卫星导航技术，设计一个GNSS/INS组合导航定位方案。要求：(1) 分析组合导航的必要性；(2) 说明GNSS和INS各自优缺点；(3) 给出卡尔曼滤波融合框架；(4) 分析预期性能改进。', 30, 1, NOW(), NOW());
+
+-- =====================================================================
+-- 统计报告
+-- =====================================================================
+-- 每组：选择题 50 × 1 = 50, 判断题 20 × 1 = 20, 综合性任务 1 × 30 = 30 → 总分 100
+-- =====================================================================
+
+SELECT
+  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM choice_questions WHERE `group`='zhongzhi') AS 'zhongzhi_choice',
+  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM judge_questions WHERE `group`='zhongzhi') AS 'zhongzhi_judge',
+  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM word_questions WHERE `group`='zhongzhi') AS 'zhongzhi_word',
+  (SELECT SUM(score) FROM choice_questions WHERE `group`='zhongzhi') +
+  (SELECT SUM(score) FROM judge_questions WHERE `group`='zhongzhi') +
+  (SELECT SUM(score) FROM word_questions WHERE `group`='zhongzhi') AS 'zhongzhi_total',
+  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM choice_questions WHERE `group`='gaozhi') AS 'gaozhi_choice',
+  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM judge_questions WHERE `group`='gaozhi') AS 'gaozhi_judge',
+  (SELECT COUNT(*) FROM word_questions WHERE `group`='gaozhi') AS 'gaozhi_word',
+  (SELECT SUM(score) FROM choice_questions WHERE `group`='gaozhi') +
+  (SELECT SUM(score) FROM judge_questions WHERE `group`='gaozhi') +
+  (SELECT SUM(score) FROM word_questions WHERE `group`='gaozhi') AS 'gaozhi_total';
--- a/database/config.json
+++ b/database/config.json
@@ -0,0 +1,71 @@
+{
+  "development": {
+    "username": "root",
+    "password": "74191221",
+    "database": "competition_db",
+    "host": "localhost",
+    "port": 3306,
+    "dialect": "mysql",
+    "dialectOptions": {
+      "charset": "utf8mb4",
+      "collate": "utf8mb4_unicode_ci"
+    },
+    "define": {
+      "underscored": true,
+      "freezeTableName": true,
+      "timestamps": true,
+      "createdAt": "created_at",
+      "updatedAt": "updated_at",
+      "charset": "utf8mb4",
+      "collate": "utf8mb4_unicode_ci"
+    },
+    "timezone": "+08:00",
+    "seederStorage": "sequelize"
+  },
+  "test": {
+    "username": "root",
+    "password": "74191221",
+    "database": "competition_db_test",
+    "host": "localhost",
+    "port": 3306,
+    "dialect": "mysql",
+    "dialectOptions": {
+      "charset": "utf8mb4",
+      "collate": "utf8mb4_unicode_ci"
+    },
+    "define": {
+      "underscored": true,
+      "freezeTableName": true,
+      "timestamps": true,
+      "createdAt": "created_at",
+      "updatedAt": "updated_at",
+      "charset": "utf8mb4",
+      "collate": "utf8mb4_unicode_ci"
+    },
+    "timezone": "+08:00",
+    "seederStorage": "sequelize"
+  },
+  "production": {
+    "username": "root",
+    "password": null,
+    "database": "competition_db",
+    "host": "localhost",
+    "port": 3306,
+    "dialect": "mysql",
+    "dialectOptions": {
+      "charset": "utf8mb4",
+      "collate": "utf8mb4_unicode_ci"
+    },
+    "define": {
+      "underscored": true,
+      "freezeTableName": true,
+      "timestamps": true,
+      "createdAt": "created_at",
+      "updatedAt": "updated_at",
+      "charset": "utf8mb4",
+      "collate": "utf8mb4_unicode_ci"
+    },
+    "timezone": "+08:00",
+    "seederStorage": "sequelize"
+  }
+}
--- a/database/migrations/001-create-accounts.js
+++ b/database/migrations/001-create-accounts.js
@@ -0,0 +1,125 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('accounts', {
+      uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '用户唯一标识',
+      },
+      role: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(32),
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 'student',
+        comment: '角色：student/teacher/judge/admin',
+      },
+      name_cn: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '中文姓名',
+      },
+      name_en: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(128),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '英文姓名/拼音',
+      },
+      gender: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(8),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '性别：男/女',
+      },
+      phone: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(32),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '手机号码',
+      },
+      email: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(128),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '电子邮箱',
+      },
+      id_number: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(32),
+        allowNull: false,
+        unique: true,
+        comment: '身份证号（唯一）',
+      },
+      password: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(128),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '密码（加密存储）',
+      },
+      salt: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '密码盐值',
+      },
+      position: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '职务/职称',
+      },
+      major: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(128),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '专业',
+      },
+      country: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '国家',
+      },
+      region: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '地区/省份',
+      },
+      organization_cn: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '所属单位（中文）',
+      },
+      organization_en: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '所属单位（英文）',
+      },
+      activated: {
+        type: Sequelize.TINYINT,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '激活状态：0未激活 1已激活',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '总分/积分',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('accounts', ['role'], { name: 'idx_role' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('accounts', ['phone'], { name: 'idx_phone' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('accounts', ['name_cn'], { name: 'idx_name_cn' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('accounts');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/001-create-contestants.js
+++ b/database/migrations/001-create-contestants.js
@@ -0,0 +1,105 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 迁移文件：创建选手表（contestants）
+ * 包含选手基本信息、身份认证、组别和成绩字段
+ */
+
+module.exports = {
+  /**
+   * 执行迁移：创建 contestants 表
+   * @param {import('sequelize').QueryInterface} queryInterface
+   * @param {import('sequelize').Sequelize} Sequelize
+   */
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    const { INTEGER, STRING, BOOLEAN, DATE } = Sequelize;
+
+    await queryInterface.createTable('contestants', {
+      // 主键 ID，自增
+      id: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '选手唯一标识',
+      },
+      // 身份证号，唯一，18位
+      id_number: {
+        type: STRING(18),
+        allowNull: false,
+        unique: true,
+        comment: '身份证号',
+      },
+      // 选手姓名
+      name: {
+        type: STRING(50),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '选手姓名',
+      },
+      // 手机号码
+      phone: {
+        type: STRING(20),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '手机号码',
+      },
+      // 参赛组别
+      group: {
+        type: STRING(20),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '参赛组别（zhongzhi/gaozhi/benke/jiaoshi）',
+      },
+      // 登录密码
+      password: {
+        type: STRING(100),
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: '',
+        comment: '登录密码',
+      },
+      // 账号激活状态
+      activated: {
+        type: BOOLEAN,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: false,
+        comment: '账号激活状态',
+      },
+      // 总分
+      score: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        allowNull: true,
+        defaultValue: null,
+        comment: '选手总分',
+      },
+      // 创建时间
+      created_at: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      // 更新时间
+      updated_at: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    });
+
+    // 为 id_number 创建唯一索引
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('contestants', ['id_number'], {
+      unique: true,
+      name: 'idx_contestants_id_number',
+    });
+
+    // 为 group 创建索引
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('contestants', ['group'], {
+      name: 'idx_contestants_group',
+    });
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * 回滚迁移：删除 contestants 表
+   * @param {import('sequelize').QueryInterface} queryInterface
+   */
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('contestants');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/002-create-admins.js
+++ b/database/migrations/002-create-admins.js
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 迁移文件：创建管理员表（admins）
+ * 存储后台管理员账号信息
+ */
+
+module.exports = {
+  /**
+   * 执行迁移：创建 admins 表
+   * @param {import('sequelize').QueryInterface} queryInterface
+   * @param {import('sequelize').Sequelize} Sequelize
+   */
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    const { INTEGER, STRING, DATE } = Sequelize;
+
+    await queryInterface.createTable('admins', {
+      id: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '管理员唯一标识',
+      },
+      username: {
+        type: STRING(50),
+        allowNull: false,
+        unique: true,
+        comment: '管理员用户名',
+      },
+      password: {
+        type: STRING(100),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '管理员密码',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    });
+
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('admins', ['username'], {
+      unique: true,
+      name: 'idx_admins_username',
+    });
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * 回滚迁移：删除 admins 表
+   * @param {import('sequelize').QueryInterface} queryInterface
+   */
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('admins');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/002-create-teams.js
+++ b/database/migrations/002-create-teams.js
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('teams', {
+      team_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        // 注意：运行库中 teams 表真实自增主键为 id，team_uid 为非自增普通列，
+        // 由应用层（importFromExcel 显式 MAX+1）赋值。故此处不声明 autoIncrement，
+        // 使迁移与运行库一致，避免新建库时 team_uid 被设为自增而与运行库行为背离。
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '团队唯一标识（由应用层显式生成，非 DB 自增）',
+      },
+      group_name: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '组别名称',
+      },
+      team_id: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: false,
+        unique: true,
+        comment: '团队编号（唯一）',
+      },
+      team_number: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(32),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '团队序号',
+      },
+      address: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '地址',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return queryInterface.addIndex('teams', ['group_name'], { name: 'idx_group_name' });
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('teams');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/003-create-competition-info.js
+++ b/database/migrations/003-create-competition-info.js
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('competition_info', {
+      competition_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '赛事唯一标识',
+      },
+      competition_name: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(128),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '赛事名称',
+      },
+      competition_code: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: false,
+        unique: true,
+        comment: '赛事编码（唯一）',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('competition_info');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/004-create-aggregation.js
+++ b/database/migrations/004-create-aggregation.js
@@ -0,0 +1,94 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('aggregation', {
+      aggregation_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '报名记录唯一标识',
+      },
+      competition_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '赛事ID（关联competition_info）',
+        references: { model: 'competition_info', key: 'competition_uid' },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      team_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '团队ID（关联teams）',
+        references: { model: 'teams', key: 'team_uid' },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      account_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '用户ID（关联accounts）',
+        references: { model: 'accounts', key: 'uid' },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      identity: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(32),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '身份标识',
+      },
+      is_registrant: {
+        type: Sequelize.TINYINT,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '是否为主要报名人：0否 1是',
+      },
+      registration_form: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '报名表文件路径',
+      },
+      stamped_form: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '盖章报名表文件路径',
+      },
+      audit_status: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(32),
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 'pending',
+        comment: '审核状态：pending/approved/rejected',
+      },
+      reject_reason: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '驳回原因',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('aggregation', ['competition_uid'], { name: 'idx_competition_uid' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('aggregation', ['team_uid'], { name: 'idx_team_uid' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('aggregation', ['account_uid'], { name: 'idx_account_uid' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('aggregation', ['audit_status'], { name: 'idx_audit_status' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('aggregation');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/004-create-exam-questions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/004-create-exam-questions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 迁移文件：创建试卷题目表（exam_questions）
+ * 存储各组别的试卷题目
+ */
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    const { INTEGER, STRING, TEXT, DATE } = Sequelize;
+
+    await queryInterface.createTable('exam_questions', {
+      id: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目唯一标识',
+      },
+      group: {
+        type: STRING(20),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目所属组别',
+      },
+      title: {
+        type: STRING(200),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目标题',
+      },
+      content: {
+        type: TEXT,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目内容描述',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目分值',
+      },
+      sort_order: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '排序序号',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    });
+
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('exam_questions', ['group'], {
+      name: 'idx_exam_questions_group',
+    });
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('exam_questions', ['group', 'sort_order'], {
+      name: 'idx_exam_questions_group_sort',
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('exam_questions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/005-create-exam-submissions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/005-create-exam-submissions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,67 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 迁移文件：创建答题记录表（exam_submissions）
+ * 存储选手的试卷答题记录
+ */
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    const { INTEGER, TEXT, DATE } = Sequelize;
+
+    await queryInterface.createTable('exam_submissions', {
+      id: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '答题记录唯一标识',
+      },
+      contestant_id: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '选手 ID',
+        references: {
+          model: 'contestants',
+          key: 'id',
+        },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      answers: {
+        type: TEXT,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '答题内容（JSON）',
+      },
+      submit_time: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '提交时间',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        allowNull: true,
+        defaultValue: null,
+        comment: '试卷得分',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    });
+
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('exam_submissions', ['contestant_id'], {
+      name: 'idx_exam_submissions_contestant_id',
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('exam_submissions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/005-create-news.js
+++ b/database/migrations/005-create-news.js
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('news', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '新闻ID',
+      },
+      title: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '新闻标题',
+      },
+      content: {
+        type: Sequelize.TEXT('long'),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '新闻内容（富文本）',
+      },
+      wx_link: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '微信链接',
+      },
+      publish_time: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '发布时间',
+      },
+      pinned: {
+        type: Sequelize.TINYINT,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '是否置顶：0否 1是',
+      },
+      group_name: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '目标组别',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('news', ['publish_time'], { name: 'idx_publish_time' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('news', ['pinned', 'publish_time'], { name: 'idx_pinned_publish_time' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('news', ['group_name'], { name: 'idx_group_name' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('news');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/006-create-carousel.js
+++ b/database/migrations/006-create-carousel.js
@@ -0,0 +1,58 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('carousel', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '轮播图ID',
+      },
+      image_url: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '图片URL',
+      },
+      sort_order: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '排序序号',
+      },
+      link_url: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '点击跳转链接',
+      },
+      enabled: {
+        type: Sequelize.TINYINT,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 1,
+        comment: '是否启用：0禁用 1启用',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('carousel', ['sort_order'], { name: 'idx_sort_order' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('carousel', ['enabled'], { name: 'idx_enabled' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('carousel');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/006-create-work-submissions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/006-create-work-submissions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 迁移文件：创建作品提交表（work_submissions）
+ * 存储选手上传的作品文件信息
+ */
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    const { INTEGER, STRING, DATE } = Sequelize;
+
+    await queryInterface.createTable('work_submissions', {
+      id: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '作品提交唯一标识',
+      },
+      contestant_id: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '选手 ID',
+        references: {
+          model: 'contestants',
+          key: 'id',
+        },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      file_type: {
+        type: STRING(20),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '文件类型（plan/ppt）',
+      },
+      file_name: {
+        type: STRING(200),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '原始文件名',
+      },
+      file_path: {
+        type: STRING(500),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '文件存储路径',
+      },
+      file_size: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '文件大小（字节）',
+      },
+      submit_time: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '提交时间',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: INTEGER,
+        allowNull: true,
+        defaultValue: null,
+        comment: '作品得分',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    });
+
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('work_submissions', ['contestant_id'], {
+      name: 'idx_work_submissions_contestant_id',
+    });
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('work_submissions', ['file_type'], {
+      name: 'idx_work_submissions_file_type',
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('work_submissions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/007-create-zhongzhi-questions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/007-create-zhongzhi-questions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('zhongzhi_questions', {
+      question_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目唯一标识',
+      },
+      question: {
+        type: Sequelize.TEXT,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目内容',
+      },
+      answer: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(32),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '正确答案',
+      },
+      question_type: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(16),
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 'choice',
+        comment: '题目类型：choice选择题 judge判断题',
+      },
+      options: {
+        type: Sequelize.JSON,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '选项（JSON格式）',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '题目分值',
+      },
+      sort_order: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '排序序号',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('zhongzhi_questions', ['question_type'], { name: 'idx_question_type' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('zhongzhi_questions', ['sort_order'], { name: 'idx_sort_order' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('zhongzhi_questions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/008-create-gaozhi-questions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/008-create-gaozhi-questions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,69 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('gaozhi_questions', {
+      question_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目唯一标识',
+      },
+      question: {
+        type: Sequelize.TEXT,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目内容',
+      },
+      answer: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(32),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '正确答案',
+      },
+      question_type: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(16),
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 'choice',
+        comment: '题目类型：choice选择题 judge判断题',
+      },
+      options: {
+        type: Sequelize.JSON,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '选项（JSON格式）',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '题目分值',
+      },
+      sort_order: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '排序序号',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('gaozhi_questions', ['question_type'], { name: 'idx_question_type' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('gaozhi_questions', ['sort_order'], { name: 'idx_sort_order' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('gaozhi_questions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/009-create-zhongzhi-submissions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/009-create-zhongzhi-submissions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('zhongzhi_submissions', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '提交记录ID',
+      },
+      aggregation_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '报名记录ID（关联aggregation）',
+        references: { model: 'aggregation', key: 'aggregation_uid' },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      question_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目ID（关联zhongzhi_questions）',
+        references: { model: 'zhongzhi_questions', key: 'question_uid' },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      answer_data: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '提交的答案',
+      },
+      is_correct: {
+        type: Sequelize.TINYINT,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '是否正确：0错误 1正确',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '得分',
+      },
+      word_file_path: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: 'Word文件路径',
+      },
+      word_file_name: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: 'Word文件原始名称',
+      },
+      word_file_md5: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: 'Word文件MD5哈希值',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('zhongzhi_submissions', ['aggregation_uid'], { name: 'idx_aggregation_uid' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('zhongzhi_submissions', ['question_uid'], { name: 'idx_question_uid' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('zhongzhi_submissions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/010-create-gaozhi-submissions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/010-create-gaozhi-submissions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,82 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('gaozhi_submissions', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '提交记录ID',
+      },
+      aggregation_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '报名记录ID（关联aggregation）',
+        references: { model: 'aggregation', key: 'aggregation_uid' },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      question_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目ID（关联gaozhi_questions）',
+        references: { model: 'gaozhi_questions', key: 'question_uid' },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      answer_data: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '提交的答案',
+      },
+      is_correct: {
+        type: Sequelize.TINYINT,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '是否正确：0错误 1正确',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '得分',
+      },
+      word_file_path: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: 'Word文件路径',
+      },
+      word_file_name: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: 'Word文件原始名称',
+      },
+      word_file_md5: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: 'Word文件MD5哈希值',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('gaozhi_submissions', ['aggregation_uid'], { name: 'idx_aggregation_uid' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('gaozhi_submissions', ['question_uid'], { name: 'idx_question_uid' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('gaozhi_submissions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/011-create-benke-submissions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/011-create-benke-submissions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('benke_submissions', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '提交记录ID',
+      },
+      aggregation_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '报名记录ID（关联aggregation）',
+        references: { model: 'aggregation', key: 'aggregation_uid' },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      work_name: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '作品名称',
+      },
+      file_path: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '文件存储路径',
+      },
+      file_name: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '文件原始名称',
+      },
+      file_size: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER.UNSIGNED,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '文件大小（字节）',
+      },
+      file_md5: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '文件MD5哈希值',
+      },
+      upload_time: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '上传时间',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '评分',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return queryInterface.addIndex('benke_submissions', ['aggregation_uid'], { name: 'idx_aggregation_uid' });
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('benke_submissions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/012-create-jiaoshi-submissions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/012-create-jiaoshi-submissions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,77 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('jiaoshi_submissions', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '提交记录ID',
+      },
+      aggregation_uid: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '报名记录ID（关联aggregation）',
+        references: { model: 'aggregation', key: 'aggregation_uid' },
+        onUpdate: 'CASCADE',
+        onDelete: 'CASCADE',
+      },
+      work_name: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '作品名称',
+      },
+      file_path: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '文件存储路径',
+      },
+      file_name: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(255),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '文件原始名称',
+      },
+      file_size: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER.UNSIGNED,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '文件大小（字节）',
+      },
+      file_md5: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '文件MD5哈希值',
+      },
+      upload_time: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '上传时间',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '评分',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return queryInterface.addIndex('jiaoshi_submissions', ['aggregation_uid'], { name: 'idx_aggregation_uid' });
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('jiaoshi_submissions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/013-create-competition-times.js
+++ b/database/migrations/013-create-competition-times.js
@@ -0,0 +1,57 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('competition_times', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '配置ID',
+      },
+      group_name: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(64),
+        allowNull: false,
+        unique: true,
+        comment: '组别名称（唯一）',
+      },
+      start_time: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '比赛开始时间',
+      },
+      end_time: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '比赛结束时间',
+      },
+      deadline: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '报名/提交截止时间',
+      },
+      word_template: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(512),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: 'Word模板文件路径',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('competition_times');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/014-create-system-configs.js
+++ b/database/migrations/014-create-system-configs.js
@@ -0,0 +1,42 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('system_configs', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '配置ID',
+      },
+      config_key: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(128),
+        allowNull: false,
+        unique: true,
+        comment: '配置键名（唯一）',
+      },
+      config_value: {
+        type: Sequelize.TEXT,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '配置值',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('system_configs');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/015-create-choice-questions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/015-create-choice-questions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('choice_questions', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目ID',
+      },
+      group: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(20),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '组别：zhongzhi/gaozhi',
+      },
+      question: {
+        type: Sequelize.TEXT,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目内容',
+      },
+      options: {
+        type: Sequelize.JSON,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '选项列表 [{ key: "A", text: "..." }, ...]',
+      },
+      answer: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(10),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '正确答案（如 A / AB / ABCD）',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 5,
+        comment: '分值',
+      },
+      sort_order: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '排序',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('choice_questions', ['group'], { name: 'idx_choice_group' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('choice_questions', ['sort_order'], { name: 'idx_choice_sort' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('choice_questions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/016-create-judge-questions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/016-create-judge-questions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,63 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('judge_questions', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目ID',
+      },
+      group: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(20),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '组别：zhongzhi/gaozhi',
+      },
+      question: {
+        type: Sequelize.TEXT,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目内容',
+      },
+      answer: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(10),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '正确答案：true 或 false',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 5,
+        comment: '分值',
+      },
+      sort_order: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '排序',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('judge_questions', ['group'], { name: 'idx_judge_group' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('judge_questions', ['sort_order'], { name: 'idx_judge_sort' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('judge_questions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/017-create-word-questions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/017-create-word-questions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,68 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.createTable('word_questions', {
+      id: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        primaryKey: true,
+        autoIncrement: true,
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目ID',
+      },
+      group: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(20),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '组别：zhongzhi/gaozhi',
+      },
+      title: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(200),
+        allowNull: false,
+        comment: '题目标题',
+      },
+      description: {
+        type: Sequelize.TEXT,
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: '题目描述/操作要求',
+      },
+      score: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 30,
+        comment: '分值',
+      },
+      sort_order: {
+        type: Sequelize.INTEGER,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: 0,
+        comment: '排序',
+      },
+      template_path: {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(500),
+        allowNull: true,
+        comment: 'Word 模板文件路径',
+      },
+      created_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '创建时间',
+      },
+      updated_at: {
+        type: Sequelize.DATE,
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: Sequelize.literal('CURRENT_TIMESTAMP ON UPDATE CURRENT_TIMESTAMP'),
+        comment: '更新时间',
+      },
+    }).then(() => {
+      return Promise.all([
+        queryInterface.addIndex('word_questions', ['group'], { name: 'idx_word_group' }),
+        queryInterface.addIndex('word_questions', ['sort_order'], { name: 'idx_word_sort' }),
+      ]);
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.dropTable('word_questions');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/018-add-test-flag-to-contestants.js
+++ b/database/migrations/018-add-test-flag-to-contestants.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 迁移文件：为 contestants 表添加 test_flag 字段
+ * 用于区分测试数据和生产数据，防止重置操作误删生产数据
+ */
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    const { INTEGER } = Sequelize;
+
+    await queryInterface.addColumn('contestants', 'test_flag', {
+      type: INTEGER,
+      allowNull: false,
+      defaultValue: 0,
+      comment: '测试数据标记：0=生产数据，1=测试数据',
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.removeColumn('contestants', 'test_flag');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/019-add-title-to-carousel.js
+++ b/database/migrations/019-add-title-to-carousel.js
@@ -0,0 +1,17 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.addColumn('carousel', 'title', {
+      type: Sequelize.STRING(200),
+      allowNull: true,
+      defaultValue: null,
+      comment: '轮播图标题',
+      after: 'image_url',
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.removeColumn('carousel', 'title');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/020-add-question-type-to-submissions.js
+++ b/database/migrations/020-add-question-type-to-submissions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,40 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 迁移 020：为 zhongzhi_submissions / gaozhi_submissions 增加 question_type 列
+ *
+ * 背景（Bug #11 / B11）：选择题(choice_questions)与判断题(judge_questions)的 id
+ * 在不同表中数值重叠（如 choice#5 与 judge#5 均为 5），原 saveAnswers 仅按
+ * (aggregation_uid, question_uid) 查找并 upsert，导致同 id 的选择题与判断题被
+ * 折叠成一条记录，考生作答数少于抽题数、部分答案静默丢失。
+ *
+ * 修复：新增 question_type 列（choice/judge），与 question_uid 联合唯一标识一道题；
+ * service.saveAnswers 的查找/写入键改为 (aggregation_uid, question_uid, question_type)；
+ * autoScore 判分不受影响（其本就按 question_type 选模型 + 用原始 id 作主键）。
+ */
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    const addCol = async (table) => {
+      await queryInterface.addColumn(table, 'question_type', {
+        type: Sequelize.STRING(16),
+        allowNull: false,
+        defaultValue: '',
+        comment: '题型：choice/judge，与 question_uid 联合区分题目',
+      });
+      await queryInterface.addIndex(
+        table,
+        ['aggregation_uid', 'question_uid', 'question_type'],
+        { name: `idx_${table}_agg_qtype` }
+      );
+    };
+    await addCol('zhongzhi_submissions');
+    await addCol('gaozhi_submissions');
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.removeIndex('zhongzhi_submissions', 'idx_zhongzhi_submissions_agg_qtype');
+    await queryInterface.removeColumn('zhongzhi_submissions', 'question_type');
+    await queryInterface.removeIndex('gaozhi_submissions', 'idx_gaozhi_submissions_agg_qtype');
+    await queryInterface.removeColumn('gaozhi_submissions', 'question_type');
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/021-unique-submission-indexes.js
+++ b/database/migrations/021-unique-submission-indexes.js
@@ -0,0 +1,99 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 迁移 021：为答题提交表增加唯一约束，杜绝并发作答重复落库（Bug #12 / B12）
+ *
+ * 背景（B12）：原 saveAnswers 使用「先 findOne 再 create」的非原子写法，且
+ * (aggregation_uid, question_uid, question_type) 仅为普通索引。同一用户并发提交
+ * 时，多个请求都 find 不到记录，于是各自 create，导致同一题被插入多行
+ * （实测：3 路并发产生 57 行 / 20 题，exam_submissions 出现 3 条同选手记录）。
+ * 重复行会污染 answeredCount、判分明细与成绩恢复，属数据一致性缺陷。
+ *
+ * 修复：
+ * 1) zhongzhi_submissions / gaozhi_submissions 的复合索引升级为唯一索引
+ *    uk_{table}_submission (aggregation_uid, question_uid, question_type)；
+ *    service.saveAnswers 改用 upsert(conflictFields=[...])，由 MySQL 的
+ *    INSERT ... ON DUPLICATE KEY UPDATE 在并发下原子折叠为单行更新。
+ * 2) exam_submissions 的 contestant_id 索引升级为唯一索引
+ *    uk_exam_submission_contestant，配合 service 中并发安全的
+ *    _ensureExamSubmissionSafe，保证每选手仅一条提交记录。
+ *
+ * 注意：up/down 均先去重（保留最小 id）再加减索引，确保幂等且不会因历史脏数据失败。
+ */
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface) => {
+    // ---- 去重：同 (aggregation_uid, question_uid, question_type) 仅留最小 id ----
+    await queryInterface.sequelize.query(`
+      DELETE t FROM zhongzhi_submissions t
+      WHERE t.id NOT IN (
+        SELECT min_id FROM (
+          SELECT MIN(id) AS min_id FROM zhongzhi_submissions
+          GROUP BY aggregation_uid, question_uid, question_type
+        ) AS keep
+      )
+    `);
+    await queryInterface.sequelize.query(`
+      DELETE t FROM gaozhi_submissions t
+      WHERE t.id NOT IN (
+        SELECT min_id FROM (
+          SELECT MIN(id) AS min_id FROM gaozhi_submissions
+          GROUP BY aggregation_uid, question_uid, question_type
+        ) AS keep
+      )
+    `);
+    // exam_submissions：每 contestant_id 仅留最小 id
+    await queryInterface.sequelize.query(`
+      DELETE t FROM exam_submissions t
+      WHERE t.id NOT IN (
+        SELECT min_id FROM (
+          SELECT MIN(id) AS min_id FROM exam_submissions
+          GROUP BY contestant_id
+        ) AS keep
+      )
+    `);
+
+    // ---- zhongzhi ----
+    await queryInterface.removeIndex('zhongzhi_submissions', 'idx_zhongzhi_submissions_agg_qtype').catch(() => {});
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('zhongzhi_submissions', {
+      name: 'uk_zhongzhi_submission',
+      unique: true,
+      fields: ['aggregation_uid', 'question_uid', 'question_type'],
+    }).catch(() => {});
+
+    // ---- gaozhi ----
+    await queryInterface.removeIndex('gaozhi_submissions', 'idx_gaozhi_submissions_agg_qtype').catch(() => {});
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('gaozhi_submissions', {
+      name: 'uk_gaozhi_submission',
+      unique: true,
+      fields: ['aggregation_uid', 'question_uid', 'question_type'],
+    }).catch(() => {});
+
+    // ---- exam_submissions ----
+    await queryInterface.removeIndex('exam_submissions', 'idx_exam_submissions_contestant_id').catch(() => {});
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('exam_submissions', {
+      name: 'uk_exam_submission_contestant',
+      unique: true,
+      fields: ['contestant_id'],
+    }).catch(() => {});
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.removeIndex('zhongzhi_submissions', 'uk_zhongzhi_submission').catch(() => {});
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('zhongzhi_submissions', {
+      name: 'idx_zhongzhi_submissions_agg_qtype',
+      fields: ['aggregation_uid', 'question_uid', 'question_type'],
+    });
+
+    await queryInterface.removeIndex('gaozhi_submissions', 'uk_gaozhi_submission').catch(() => {});
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('gaozhi_submissions', {
+      name: 'idx_gaozhi_submissions_agg_qtype',
+      fields: ['aggregation_uid', 'question_uid', 'question_type'],
+    });
+
+    await queryInterface.removeIndex('exam_submissions', 'uk_exam_submission_contestant').catch(() => {});
+    await queryInterface.addIndex('exam_submissions', {
+      name: 'idx_exam_submissions_contestant_id',
+      fields: ['contestant_id'],
+    });
+  },
+};
--- a/database/migrations/022-add-content-button-to-carousel.js
+++ b/database/migrations/022-add-content-button-to-carousel.js
@@ -0,0 +1,56 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 为 carousel 表新增富文本正文与可配置按钮字段，并放宽 image_url 允许为空
+ * （支持"渐变底图回退"的固定页迁移）。
+ *
+ * 新增：
+ *   - content     TEXT         富文本正文（HTML，由 wangEditor 生成，前端 v-html 渲染）
+ *   - button_text VARCHAR(100) 按钮文字（为空则不显示按钮）
+ *   - button_link VARCHAR(500) 按钮链接（内部路由如 /activate，或外部 http(s):// 链接）
+ * 变更：
+ *   - image_url   由 NOT NULL 放宽为 允许 NULL（无底图时前端回退 CSS 渐变）
+ */
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.addColumn('carousel', 'content', {
+      type: Sequelize.TEXT,
+      allowNull: true,
+      defaultValue: null,
+      comment: '富文本正文(HTML)',
+      after: 'title',
+    });
+    await queryInterface.addColumn('carousel', 'button_text', {
+      type: Sequelize.STRING(100),
+      allowNull: true,
+      defaultValue: null,
+      comment: '按钮文字(为空则不显示按钮)',
+      after: 'content',
+    });
+    await queryInterface.addColumn('carousel', 'button_link', {
+      type: Sequelize.STRING(500),
+      allowNull: true,
+      defaultValue: null,
+      comment: '按钮链接(内部路由/外部URL)',
+      after: 'button_text',
+    });
+    // 放宽 image_url 允许为空，支持渐变底图回退
+    await queryInterface.changeColumn('carousel', 'image_url', {
+      type: Sequelize.STRING(500),
+      allowNull: true,
+      defaultValue: null,
+      comment: '图片 URL 地址(可为空时前端回退渐变)',
+    });
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.removeColumn('carousel', 'content');
+    await queryInterface.removeColumn('carousel', 'button_text');
+    await queryInterface.removeColumn('carousel', 'button_link');
+    await queryInterface.changeColumn('carousel', 'image_url', {
+      type: Sequelize.STRING(500),
+      allowNull: false,
+      comment: '图片 URL 地址',
+    });
+  },
+};
--- a/database/seeders/001-seed-competition-info.js
+++ b/database/seeders/001-seed-competition-info.js
@@ -0,0 +1,21 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    const now = new Date();
+    await queryInterface.bulkInsert('competition_info', [
+      {
+        competition_name: '金砖国家职业技能大赛-卫星导航技术应用赛项',
+        competition_code: 'BRICS2026-ST-027',
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+    ], {});
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.bulkDelete('competition_info', {
+      competition_code: 'BRICS2026-ST-027',
+    }, {});
+  },
+};
--- a/database/seeders/001-seed-contestants.js
+++ b/database/seeders/001-seed-contestants.js
@@ -0,0 +1,50 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 种子数据：初始化选手数据
+ * 包含 20 名选手，中职/高职/本科/教师各 5 名
+ * 账号未激活，密码为空
+ */
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface) => {
+    const contestants = [
+      // ==================== 中职组（5名） ====================
+      { id_number: '110101200501010101', name: '张明远', phone: '13800010001', group: 'zhongzhi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200502020102', name: '李雨桐', phone: '13800010002', group: 'zhongzhi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200503030103', name: '王浩然', phone: '13800010003', group: 'zhongzhi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200504040104', name: '赵思琪', phone: '13800010004', group: 'zhongzhi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200505050105', name: '陈子涵', phone: '13800010005', group: 'zhongzhi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+
+      // ==================== 高职组（5名） ====================
+      { id_number: '110101200301010201', name: '刘博文', phone: '13800020001', group: 'gaozhi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200302020202', name: '杨紫萱', phone: '13800020002', group: 'gaozhi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200303030203', name: '黄俊杰', phone: '13800020003', group: 'gaozhi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200304040204', name: '周雅琪', phone: '13800020004', group: 'gaozhi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200305050205', name: '吴天宇', phone: '13800020005', group: 'gaozhi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+
+      // ==================== 本科组（5名） ====================
+      { id_number: '110101200101010301', name: '郑佳怡', phone: '13800030001', group: 'benke', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200102020302', name: '冯子辰', phone: '13800030002', group: 'benke', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200103030303', name: '褚文博', phone: '13800030003', group: 'benke', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200104040304', name: '林晓萱', phone: '13800030004', group: 'benke', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101200105050305', name: '何志远', phone: '13800030005', group: 'benke', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+
+      // ==================== 教师组（5名） ====================
+      { id_number: '110101198501010401', name: '韩建国', phone: '13800040001', group: 'jiaoshi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101198602020402', name: '唐慧芳', phone: '13800040002', group: 'jiaoshi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101198703030403', name: '沈志强', phone: '13800040003', group: 'jiaoshi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101198804040404', name: '许美玲', phone: '13800040004', group: 'jiaoshi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+      { id_number: '110101198905050405', name: '曹永康', phone: '13800040005', group: 'jiaoshi', password: '', activated: false, created_at: new Date(), updated_at: new Date() },
+    ];
+
+    await queryInterface.bulkInsert('contestants', contestants, {});
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * 回滚种子数据：删除所有选手
+   */
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.bulkDelete('contestants', null, {});
+  },
+};
--- a/database/seeders/002-seed-admin.js
+++ b/database/seeders/002-seed-admin.js
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    const now = new Date();
+    await queryInterface.bulkInsert('accounts', [
+      {
+        role: 'admin',
+        name_cn: '系统管理员',
+        name_en: 'Administrator',
+        gender: null,
+        phone: null,
+        email: 'admin@competition.com',
+        id_number: '000000000000000000',
+        password: '$2b$10$Nc6PCJItIwuOzpM22dTiAezB.jZMI8mzkCbg3oRZkAWx.QaI4co9.',
+        salt: '$2b$10$Nc6PCJItIwuOzpM22dTiAe',
+        position: '系统管理员',
+        major: null,
+        country: '中国',
+        region: null,
+        organization_cn: '赛事组委会',
+        organization_en: 'Competition Committee',
+        activated: 1,
+        score: null,
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+    ], {});
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.bulkDelete('accounts', {
+      id_number: '000000000000000000',
+    }, {});
+  },
+};
--- a/database/seeders/003-seed-carousel.js
+++ b/database/seeders/003-seed-carousel.js
@@ -0,0 +1,36 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.bulkInsert('carousel', [
+      {
+        image_url: 'https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1446776811953-b23d57bd21aa?w=1200&h=480&fit=crop',
+        sort_order: 1,
+        link_url: '',
+        enabled: 1,
+        created_at: new Date(),
+        updated_at: new Date(),
+      },
+      {
+        image_url: 'https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1451187580459-43490279c0fa?w=1200&h=480&fit=crop',
+        sort_order: 2,
+        link_url: '',
+        enabled: 1,
+        created_at: new Date(),
+        updated_at: new Date(),
+      },
+      {
+        image_url: 'https://images.unsplash.com/photo-1614728263952-84ea256f9679?w=1200&h=480&fit=crop',
+        sort_order: 3,
+        link_url: '',
+        enabled: 1,
+        created_at: new Date(),
+        updated_at: new Date(),
+      },
+    ]);
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface, Sequelize) => {
+    await queryInterface.bulkDelete('carousel', null, {});
+  },
+};
--- a/database/seeders/003-seed-news.js
+++ b/database/seeders/003-seed-news.js
@@ -0,0 +1,85 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface) => {
+    const now = new Date();
+    const newsItems = [
+      {
+        title: '2026年通信与导航应用技术创新赛线上选拔赛通知',
+        content: '<p>为深入贯彻落实国家创新驱动发展战略，推动通信与导航技术领域的创新应用，现举办2026年通信与导航应用技术创新赛线上选拔赛。本次比赛面向全国职业院校和高等院校师生，欢迎广大师生踊跃报名参赛。</p>',
+        publish_time: new Date(now.getTime() - 30 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000),
+        pinned: true,
+        group: 'all',
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+      {
+        title: '中职组比赛时间安排通知',
+        content: '<p>中职组线上选拔赛将于2026年7月15日上午9:00准时开始，请各位参赛选手提前做好准备。</p>',
+        publish_time: new Date(now.getTime() - 25 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000),
+        pinned: false,
+        group: 'zhongzhi',
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+      {
+        title: '高职组比赛时间安排通知',
+        content: '<p>高职组线上选拔赛将于2026年7月16日上午9:00准时开始，比赛时长3小时。</p>',
+        publish_time: new Date(now.getTime() - 25 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000),
+        pinned: false,
+        group: 'gaozhi',
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+      {
+        title: '本科组作品提交截止日期提醒',
+        content: '<p>本科组线上选拔赛作品提交截止日期为2026年7月20日23:59。</p>',
+        publish_time: new Date(now.getTime() - 20 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000),
+        pinned: false,
+        group: 'benke',
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+      {
+        title: '教师组作品提交截止日期提醒',
+        content: '<p>教师组线上选拔赛作品提交截止日期为2026年7月20日23:59。</p>',
+        publish_time: new Date(now.getTime() - 20 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000),
+        pinned: false,
+        group: 'jiaoshi',
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+      {
+        title: '关于账号激活说明',
+        content: '<p>各位参赛选手请使用身份证号进行账号激活。激活流程：输入身份证号验证，获取验证码，设置密码。</p>',
+        publish_time: new Date(now.getTime() - 15 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000),
+        pinned: true,
+        group: 'all',
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+      {
+        title: '比赛系统操作指南',
+        content: '<p>为帮助各位选手熟悉比赛系统，请仔细阅读操作指南。中职/高职组在线答题，本科/教师组上传作品。</p>',
+        publish_time: new Date(now.getTime() - 10 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000),
+        pinned: false,
+        group: 'all',
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+      {
+        title: '温馨提示：比赛期间注意事项',
+        content: '<p>为确保比赛顺利进行，请使用Chrome或Edge浏览器最新版本，保持网络稳定，比赛过程中请勿刷新页面。</p>',
+        publish_time: new Date(now.getTime() - 5 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000),
+        pinned: false,
+        group: 'all',
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+    ];
+    await queryInterface.bulkInsert('news', newsItems, {});
+  },
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.bulkDelete('news', null, {});
+  },
+};
--- a/database/seeders/004-seed-exam-questions.js
+++ b/database/seeders/004-seed-exam-questions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,23 @@
+'use strict';
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface) => {
+    const now = new Date();
+    const questions = [
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', title: '通信系统的基本组成', content: '请简述通信系统的基本组成，包括信源、发送设备、信道、接收设备和信宿五大组成部分，并简要说明各部分的功能。', score: 20, sort_order: 1, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', title: 'GPS导航原理', content: '请阐述GPS全球定位系统的基本工作原理，包括卫星星座、信号结构、伪距测量和定位解算等关键技术。', score: 20, sort_order: 2, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', title: '信号调制与解调', content: '请比较分析AM调制、FM调制和数字调制（如QPSK）的基本原理、优缺点及适用场景。', score: 20, sort_order: 3, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', title: '移动通信发展历程', content: '请简述移动通信从1G到5G的发展历程，重点说明各代通信技术的主要特点和技术突破。', score: 20, sort_order: 4, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', title: '创新应用方案设计', content: '请结合通信与导航技术，设计一个创新应用方案，需包含应用场景描述、技术方案选型、预期效果分析等。', score: 20, sort_order: 5, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', title: 'OFDM技术原理与应用', content: '请详细阐述OFDM（正交频分复用）技术的基本原理，包括子载波正交性、循环前缀的作用以及在4G/5G中的应用。', score: 20, sort_order: 1, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', title: '北斗卫星导航系统', content: '请分析北斗卫星导航系统的发展历程、系统组成、服务类型，并与GPS系统进行对比分析。', score: 20, sort_order: 2, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', title: '5G网络架构与关键技术', content: '请描述5G网络的核心架构（包括核心网和接入网），并分析Massive MIMO、网络切片、边缘计算等关键技术。', score: 20, sort_order: 3, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', title: '通信网络安全', content: '请分析通信网络中常见的安全威胁（如窃听、篡改、拒绝服务攻击等），并提出相应的防护措施。', score: 20, sort_order: 4, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', title: '综合创新项目设计', content: '请设计一个通信与导航融合的创新应用项目，需包含项目背景、技术路线、实施方案、预期成果和可行性分析。', score: 20, sort_order: 5, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+    ];
+    await queryInterface.bulkInsert('exam_questions', questions, {});
+  },
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.bulkDelete('exam_questions', null, {});
+  },
+};
--- a/database/seeders/005-seed-competition-times.js
+++ b/database/seeders/005-seed-competition-times.js
@@ -0,0 +1,61 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 种子数据：初始化比赛时间配置
+ * 中职组和高职组设置起止时间（在线答题模式）
+ * 本科组和教师组设置截止时间（作品提交模式）
+ */
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface) => {
+    const now = new Date();
+
+    const times = [
+      // 中职组：在线答题，有起止时间
+      {
+        group: 'zhongzhi',
+        start_time: new Date(now.getTime() + 1 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000), // 1天后开始
+        end_time: new Date(now.getTime() + 1 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000 + 3 * 60 * 60 * 1000), // 持续3小时
+        deadline: null,
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+      // 高职组：在线答题，有起止时间
+      {
+        group: 'gaozhi',
+        start_time: new Date(now.getTime() + 2 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000), // 2天后开始
+        end_time: new Date(now.getTime() + 2 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000 + 3 * 60 * 60 * 1000), // 持续3小时
+        deadline: null,
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+      // 本科组：作品提交，只有截止时间
+      {
+        group: 'benke',
+        start_time: null,
+        end_time: null,
+        deadline: new Date(now.getTime() + 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000), // 7天后截止
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+      // 教师组：作品提交，只有截止时间
+      {
+        group: 'jiaoshi',
+        start_time: null,
+        end_time: null,
+        deadline: new Date(now.getTime() + 7 * 24 * 60 * 60 * 1000), // 7天后截止
+        created_at: now,
+        updated_at: now,
+      },
+    ];
+
+    await queryInterface.bulkInsert('competition_times', times, {});
+  },
+
+  /**
+   * 回滚种子数据：删除所有时间配置
+   */
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.bulkDelete('competition_times', null, {});
+  },
+};
--- a/database/seeders/006-seed-choice-judge-word-questions.js
+++ b/database/seeders/006-seed-choice-judge-word-questions.js
@@ -0,0 +1,176 @@
+'use strict';
+
+/**
+ * 种子文件：写入选择题、判断题、综合性任务模拟数据
+ *
+ * 参考考试大纲"题型结构"：
+ *   - 专业基础任务：选择题 50题 × 1分 = 50分，判断题 20题 × 1分 = 20分
+ *   - 综合性任务：1题 × 30分 = 30分
+ *   - 总分：100分
+ *
+ * 考试内容覆盖：
+ *   - 第一篇 卫星通信技术（第1-6章）→ 16题
+ *   - 第二篇 卫星导航技术（第1-8章）→ 25题
+ *   - 第三篇 设备实操命令 → 29题（选择+判断总计）
+ */
+
+module.exports = {
+  up: async (queryInterface) => {
+    const now = new Date();
+
+    // ==================== 选择题 ====================
+    // 总分：50题 × 1分 = 50分
+    // 覆盖：第1篇（16题）+ 第2篇（25题）+ 第3篇（9题）= 50题
+    const choiceQuestions = [
+      // ==================== 第一篇：卫星通信技术（第1-6章）====================
+      // 第1章：卫星通信基础概论
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星通信定义为？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"利用卫星在地面站之间进行的通信"},{"key":"B","text":"利用卫星转发无线电信号实现多个地球站之间的通信"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星与飞机之间的通信"},{"key":"D","text":"卫星之间的宇宙通信"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 1, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星通信中，地球站向卫星发射信号的链路称为？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"下行链路"},{"key":"B","text":"上行链路"},{"key":"C","text":"前向链路"},{"key":"D","text":"反向链路"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 2, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星通信的主要优点不包括以下哪项？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"覆盖范围大"},{"key":"B","text":"通信容量大"},{"key":"C","text":"建站成本低"},{"key":"D","text":"不受地理条件限制"}]', answer: 'C', score: 1, sort_order: 3, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '通信系统中，将原始信号转换为适合信道传输的信号的过程称为？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"编码"},{"key":"B","text":"调制"},{"key":"C","text":"解码"},{"key":"D","text":"解调"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 4, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'GEO卫星的轨道高度约为？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"500-1500 km"},{"key":"B","text":"5000-12000 km"},{"key":"C","text":"20200 km"},{"key":"D","text":"35786 km"}]', answer: 'D', score: 1, sort_order: 5, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'MEO卫星的轨道高度范围是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"低于500 km"},{"key":"B","text":"500-2000 km"},{"key":"C","text":"5000-20000 km"},{"key":"D","text":"35786 km"}]', answer: 'C', score: 1, sort_order: 6, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'LEO卫星的轨道倾角通常为？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"0度"},{"key":"B","text":"近极地轨道"},{"key":"C","text":"赤道轨道"},{"key":"D","text":"地球同步轨道"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 7, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星通信中，频率复用技术的主要作用是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"提高频率利用率"},{"key":"B","text":"降低发射功率"},{"key":"C","text":"减少卫星数量"},{"key":"D","text":"提高信号质量"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 8, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '以下哪种不是卫星通信的多址方式？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"FDMA"},{"key":"B","text":"TDMA"},{"key":"C","text":"CDMA"},{"key":"D","text":"ADMA"}]', answer: 'D', score: 1, sort_order: 9, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星物联网中，星上处理的主要目的是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"增加卫星重量"},{"key":"B","text":"提高传输效率"},{"key":"C","text":"降低功率"},{"key":"D","text":"增加轨道高度"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 10, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '低轨卫星星座的特点是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"单星覆盖大，但需要星上处理"},{"key":"B","text":"全球覆盖，大容量低时延"},{"key":"C","text":"只有一颗卫星"},{"key":"D","text":"不需要切换"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 11, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星通信系统的转发器作用是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"存储数据"},{"key":"B","text":"放大变频转发信号"},{"key":"C","text":"计算信号"},{"key":"D","text":"控制卫星姿态"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 12, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星天线的指向精度影响？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"信号接收功率"},{"key":"B","text":"卫星重量"},{"key":"C","text":"轨道高度"},{"key":"D","text":"卫星寿命"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 13, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星电源系统主要采用？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"燃料电池"},{"key":"B","text":"太阳能电池阵+蓄电池组"},{"key":"C","text":"核能发电"},{"key":"D","text":"化学电池"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 14, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '以下哪个频段常用作卫星通信上行？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"UHF"},{"key":"B","text":"C-band"},{"key":"C","text":"Ku-band"},{"key":"D","text":"Ka-band"}]', answer: 'D', score: 1, sort_order: 15, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星姿态控制的目的是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"改变轨道高度"},{"key":"B","text":"保持天线指向目标区域"},{"key":"C","text":"改变速度"},{"key":"D","text":"减少功耗"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 16, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+
+      // ==================== 第二篇：卫星导航技术（第1-8章）====================
+      // 第1章：GNSS概述
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'GNSS的全称是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"Global Navigation Satellite System"},{"key":"B","text":"Global Network Service System"},{"key":"C","text":"General Navigation Support System"},{"key":"D","text":"Geo Navigation Satellite System"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 17, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '以下哪个不属于四大全球导航卫星星座？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"GPS"},{"key":"B","text":"北斗"},{"key":"C","text":"GLONASS"},{"key":"D","text":"WAAS"}]', answer: 'D', score: 1, sort_order: 18, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '北斗三号全球系统提供多少颗卫星？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"24"},{"key":"B","text":"30"},{"key":"C","text":"35"},{"key":"D","text":"40"}]', answer: 'C', score: 1, sort_order: 19, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'GPS卫星导航系统至少需要几颗卫星才能实现三维定位？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"2颗"},{"key":"B","text":"3颗"},{"key":"C","text":"4颗"},{"key":"D","text":"5颗"}]', answer: 'C', score: 1, sort_order: 20, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '伪距测量测量的是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星到接收机的几何距离"},{"key":"B","text":"卫星信号传播时间乘以光速得到的距离"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星到地心的距离"},{"key":"D","text":"接收机到地面的距离"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 21, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星定位误差中，属于系统误差的是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"电离层延迟误差"},{"key":"B","text":"接收机噪声"},{"key":"C","text":"多径效应随机误差"},{"key":"D","text":"测量噪声"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 22, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '差分定位技术中，RTK的全称是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"Real-Time Kinematic"},{"key":"B","text":"Rapid Tracking Kinematic"},{"key":"C","text":"Real-Time Kalman"},{"key":"D","text":"Radio Transmission Kinematic"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 23, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'NMEA-0183协议中，GGA语句主要提供什么信息？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星星历"},{"key":"B","text":"定位数据"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星状态"},{"key":"D","text":"速度信息"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 24, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '北斗系统独具特色的服务是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"仅定位"},{"key":"B","text":"短报文通信"},{"key":"C","text":"仅授时"},{"key":"D","text":"仅测速"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 25, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '高精度差分定位中，NTRIP协议用于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星轨道计算"},{"key":"B","text":"通过互联网传输差分改正数据"},{"key":"C","text":"信号调制"},{"key":"D","text":"误差计算"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 26, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星导航接收机的灵敏度主要影响？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"捕获卫星信号的能力"},{"key":"B","text":"发射功率"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星轨道高度"},{"key":"D","text":"计算速度"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 27, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '组合导航GNSS+IMU中，IMU的作用是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"提供加速度和角速度"},{"key":"B","text":"提供定位结果"},{"key":"C","text":"提供时间信息"},{"key":"D","text":"提供卫星星历"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 28, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '多路径效应产生的原因是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星信号经过反射后与直达信号干涉"},{"key":"B","text":"多颗卫星信号叠加"},{"key":"C","text":"多个接收机同时工作"},{"key":"D","text":"电离层反射信号"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 29, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'RTCM标准主要用于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星导航电文标准"},{"key":"B","text":"差分改正数据标准"},{"key":"C","text":"NMEA输出标准"},{"key":"D","text":"接口通信标准"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 30, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'PDOP值越大表示？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"定位精度越好"},{"key":"B","text":"定位几何误差越大"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星越多"},{"key":"D","text":"温度越高"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 31, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '北斗卫星导航系统的服务区覆盖？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"仅中国"},{"key":"B","text":"亚太地区"},{"key":"C","text":"全球"},{"key":"D","text":"仅北半球"}]', answer: 'C', score: 1, sort_order: 32, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'GPS卫星星历更新周期通常为？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"30秒"},{"key":"B","text":"2小时"},{"key":"C","text":"1天"},{"key":"D","text":"1周"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 33, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '静态相对定位主要用于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"需要高精度大地测量"},{"key":"B","text":"车辆导航"},{"key":"C","text":"船舶导航"},{"key":"D","text":"飞机导航"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 34, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '载波相位测量相比伪距测量？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"精度更高"},{"key":"B","text":"精度更低"},{"key":"C","text":"精度相同"},{"key":"D","text":"无法比较"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 35, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '电离层延迟对伪距测量的影响？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"夜间比白天大"},{"key":"B","text":"白天比夜间大"},{"key":"C","text":"没有影响"},{"key":"D","text":"只在冬季有影响"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 36, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '周跳发生在？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"载波相位测量中"},{"key":"B","text":"伪距测量中"},{"key":"C","text":"信号发射时"},{"key":"D","text":"卫星星历计算时"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 37, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'GPS系统由多少颗卫星组成？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"24"},{"key":"B","text":"31"},{"key":"C","text":"35"},{"key":"D","text":"40"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 38, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '以下哪种不属于北斗增强系统？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"SBAS"},{"key":"B","text":"GBAS"},{"key":"C","text":"BDS-IS"},{"key":"D","text":"GLONASS"}]', answer: 'D', score: 1, sort_order: 39, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '单点定位精度通常为？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"厘米级"},{"key":"B","text":"米级"},{"key":"C","text":"分米级"},{"key":"D","text":"毫米级"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 40, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'RTK定位精度通常达到？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"厘米级"},{"key":"B","text":"米级"},{"key":"C","text":"千米级"},{"key":"D","text":"十米级"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 41, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'NMEA-0183语句的结束标志是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"换行"},{"key":"B","text":"校验和"},{"key":"C","text":"星号"},{"key":"D","text":"回车"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 42, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '以下哪个不是北斗卫星导航系统的特点？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"有源定位"},{"key":"B","text":"短报文通信"},{"key":"C","text":"区域服务不能全球覆盖"},{"key":"D","text":"三频信号"}]', answer: 'C', score: 1, sort_order: 43, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星导航接收机捕获阶段的主要作用是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"搜索卫星信号并确定频率码相位"},{"key":"B","text":"跟踪信号"},{"key":"C","text":"计算位置"},{"key":"D","text":"输出速度"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 44, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '对流层延迟改正模型中，通常使用？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"Hopfield模型"},{"key":"B","text":"Klobuchar模型"},{"key":"C","text":"Black模型"},{"key":"D","text":"高斯模型"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 45, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '全球定位系统中，UTC表示？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"世界时"},{"key":"B","text":"协调世界时"},{"key":"C","text":"原子时"},{"key":"D","text":"恒星时"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 46, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '整周模糊度解算属于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"伪距测量问题"},{"key":"B","text":"载波相位测量问题"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星轨道问题"},{"key":"D","text":"电离层问题"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 47, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '以下哪个频率是北斗B1I信号频率？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"1561.098 MHz"},{"key":"B","text":"1268.52 MHz"},{"key":"C","text":"1176.45 MHz"},{"key":"D","text":"1575.42 MHz"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 48, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'GPS选择的PRN码特点是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"自相关特性好，互相关特性弱"},{"key":"B","text":"自相关特性弱，互相关特性强"},{"key":"C","text":"长度固定不变"},{"key":"D","text":"只有一个码"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 49, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '下列哪项不属于卫星导航的应用？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"车辆导航"},{"key":"B","text":"工程测量"},{"key":"C","text":"火力发电"},{"key":"D","text":"时间同步"}]', answer: 'C', score: 1, sort_order: 50, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+
+      // 高职组继续补充题目（总计50题，上述中职组已有50题，高职组继续扩展）
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '卫星通信中，FDMA的含义是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"频分多址"},{"key":"B","text":"时分多址"},{"key":"C","text":"码分多址"},{"key":"D","text":"空分多址"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 1, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'GEO卫星的星下点位置相对于地面观察者？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"不断高速移动"},{"key":"B","text":"基本静止"},{"key":"C","text":"每天环绕一次"},{"key":"D","text":"每月环绕一次"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 2, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'OFDM技术中，子载波之间保持正交性的目的是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"提高发射功率"},{"key":"B","text":"避免子载波间干扰"},{"key":"C","text":"增加带宽"},{"key":"D","text":"降低频率"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 3, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '北斗三号全球卫星导航系统具备以下哪种特色服务？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"仅定位服务"},{"key":"B","text":"短报文通信"},{"key":"C","text":"仅授时服务"},{"key":"D","text":"仅测速服务"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 4, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '5G网络中，Massive MIMO技术的主要优势是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"降低功耗"},{"key":"B","text":"提升频谱效率和容量"},{"key":"C","text":"减少天线数量"},{"key":"D","text":"简化网络架构"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 5, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '网络切片技术属于5G的哪个核心特性？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"eMBB"},{"key":"B","text":"URLLC"},{"key":"C","text":"mMTC"},{"key":"D","text":"网络能力开放"}]', answer: 'D', score: 1, sort_order: 6, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '在通信安全中，以下哪种攻击属于被动攻击？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"篡改"},{"key":"B","text":"窃听"},{"key":"C","text":"拒绝服务"},{"key":"D","text":"伪装"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 7, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'NTRIP协议主要用于什么场景？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"卫星遥测"},{"key":"B","text":"差分数据网络传输"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星轨道控制"},{"key":"D","text":"信号加密传输"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 8, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '组合导航（GNSS+IMU）的核心优势是什么？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"降低成本"},{"key":"B","text":"无缝切换与误差互补"},{"key":"C","text":"减少卫星数量"},{"key":"D","text":"提高发射功率"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 9, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '5G网络中，URLLC场景的主要特征是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"高速率大带宽"},{"key":"B","text":"低时延高可靠"},{"key":"C","text":"海量连接"},{"key":"D","text":"广域覆盖"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 10, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '卫星定位中，伪距测量的误差来源不包括？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"电离层延迟"},{"key":"B","text":"对流层延迟"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星轨道误差"},{"key":"D","text":"用户设备重量"}]', answer: 'D', score: 1, sort_order: 11, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '低轨卫星物联网相比GEO卫星的主要优势是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"覆盖范围更大"},{"key":"B","text":"传输时延更低"},{"key":"C","text":"单星容量更大"},{"key":"D","text":"使用寿命更长"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 12, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'QPSK调制属于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"模拟调制"},{"key":"B","text":"数字相位调制"},{"key":"C","text":"幅度调制"},{"key":"D","text":"频率调制"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 13, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '信道编码的主要目的是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"提高传输速率"},{"key":"B","text":"对抗传输错误"},{"key":"C","text":"增加功率"},{"key":"D","text":"压缩数据"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 14, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'CDMA技术的特点是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"所有用户同时占用相同频段"},{"key":"B","text":"每个用户占用不同频率"},{"key":"C","text":"每个用户占用不同时隙"},{"key":"D","text":"用户按空间分隔"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 15, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'M-QAM调制中，M越大？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"频谱效率越高，误码性能越好"},{"key":"B","text":"频谱效率越高，误码性能越差"},{"key":"C","text":"频谱效率越低，误码性能越好"},{"key":"D","text":"频谱效率越低，误码性能越差"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 16, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '香农公式给出了？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"信道容量与带宽信噪比的关系"},{"key":"B","text":"信号功率与频率的关系"},{"key":"C","text":"噪声功率与温度的关系"},{"key":"D","text":"带宽与频率的关系"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 17, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '均衡技术主要用于补偿？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"信道衰落引起的码间干扰"},{"key":"B","text":"噪声干扰"},{"key":"C","text":"频率偏移"},{"key":"D","text":"相位噪声"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 18, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '编码效率等于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"信息位长度/总码长"},{"key":"B","text":"总码长/信息位长度"},{"key":"C","text":"监督位长度/总码长"},{"key":"D","text":"信息位长度/监督位长度"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 19, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'RS编码属于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"分组码"},{"key":"B","text":"卷积码"},{"key":"C","text":"循环码"},{"key":"D","text":"RS不是编码"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 20, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'TCM编码是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"网格编码调制"},{"key":"B","text":" Turbo编码"},{"key":"C","text":"卷积编码"},{"key":"D","text":"里德所罗门编码"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 21, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '扩频通信的主要优点不包括？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"抗干扰能力强"},{"key":"B","text":"隐蔽性好"},{"key":"C","text":"功率大"},{"key":"D","text":"多址能力强"}]', answer: 'C', score: 1, sort_order: 22, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'DSSS表示？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"跳频扩频"},{"key":"B","text":"直接序列扩频"},{"key":"C","text":"跳时扩频"},{"key":"D","text":"线性扩频"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 23, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'AOS协议主要用于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"地面互联网传输"},{"key":"B","text":"星地链路 packet 传输"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星轨道测量"},{"key":"D","text":"信号调制"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 24, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'CCSDS标准是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"空间数据系统咨询委员会标准"},{"key":"B","text":"通信系统标准"},{"key":"C","text":"卫星导航标准"},{"key":"D","text":"互联网标准"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 25, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'LDPC编码属于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"低密度奇偶校验码"},{"key":"B","text":"低密度分组码"},{"key":"C","text":"循环码"},{"key":"D","text":"卷积码"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 26, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'MIMO技术可以提高？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"信道容量"},{"key":"B","text":"发射功率"},{"key":"C","text":"噪声功率"},{"key":"D","text":"传播距离"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 27, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'OFDM循环前缀的作用是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"增加功率"},{"key":"B","text":"消除符号间干扰"},{"key":"C","text":"提高频率"},{"key":"D","text":"降低速度"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 28, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'Turbo码的主要优点是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"接近香农极限的性能"},{"key":"B","text":"编码简单"},{"key":"C","text":"译码简单"},{"key":"D","text":"速率很高"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 29, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'ARQ协议的作用是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"自动重传请求"},{"key":"B","text":"自动编码"},{"key":"C","text":"自动应答"},{"key":"D","text":"自动加密"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 30, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'TCP/IP协议中，TCP提供？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"面向连接可靠服务"},{"key":"B","text":"无连接不可靠服务"},{"key":"C","text":"广播服务"},{"key":"D","text":"组播服务"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 31, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'UDP协议提供？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"面向连接可靠服务"},{"key":"B","text":"无连接不可靠服务"},{"key":"C","text":"广播服务"},{"key":"D","text":"组播服务"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 32, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'HTTPS协议使用什么端口？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"80"},{"key":"B","text":"443"},{"key":"C","text":"8080"},{"key":"D","text":"22"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 33, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'IPv6地址长度为？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"32位"},{"key":"B","text":"64位"},{"key":"C","text":"128位"},{"key":"D","text":"256位"}]', answer: 'C', score: 1, sort_order: 34, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'OSI模型有几层？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"5"},{"key":"B","text":"6"},{"key":"C","text":"7"},{"key":"D","text":"8"}]', answer: 'C', score: 1, sort_order: 35, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '调制的主要作用是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"将基带信号搬移到高频载波"},{"key":"B","text":"将高频信号搬移到基带"},{"key":"C","text":"放大信号"},{"key":"D","text":"滤波信号"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 36, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '解调的主要作用是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"从高频载波提取基带信号"},{"key":"B","text":"放大信号"},{"key":"C","text":"滤波信号"},{"key":"D","text":"变频信号"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 37, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '信源编码的主要目的是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"提高传输可靠性"},{"key":"B","text":"压缩数据率"},{"key":"C","text":"增加冗余"},{"key":"D","text":"提高功率"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 38, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '信道编码的主要目的是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"压缩数据"},{"key":"B","text":"差错控制"},{"key":"C","text":"提高速率"},{"key":"D","text":"降低功率"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 39, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'AM调制中，调幅指数m满足？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"0 ≤ m ≤ 1"},{"key":"B","text":"m > 1"},{"key":"C","text":"m < 0"},{"key":"D","text":"m = 0"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 40, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'FM调制相比AM调制？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"抗噪声性能更好"},{"key":"B","text":"功率更小"},{"key":"C","text":"带宽更小"},{"key":"D","text":"实现更简单"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 41, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'PCM编码三个步骤依次是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"抽样、量化、编码"},{"key":"B","text":"量化、抽样、编码"},{"key":"C","text":"编码、抽样、量化"},{"key":"D","text":"抽样、编码、量化"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 42, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '奈奎斯特第一准则解决什么问题？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"无码间干扰的传输特性"},{"key":"B","text":"信噪比计算"},{"key":"C","text":"信道容量计算"},{"key":"D","text":"功率分配"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 43, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '匹配滤波器输出信噪比在什么时候最大？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"抽样时刻"},{"key":"B","text":"发送时刻"},{"key":"C","text":"接收开始"},{"key":"D","text":"接收结束"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 44, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '升余弦滚降滤波器的作用是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"降低码间干扰"},{"key":"B","text":"增加码间干扰"},{"key":"C","text":"提高功率"},{"key":"D","text":"改变频率"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 45, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '希尔伯特变换主要用于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"产生解析信号"},{"key":"B","text":"滤波信号"},{"key":"C","text":"放大信号"},{"key":"D","text":"变频信号"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 46, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '随机过程的均值反映了？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"信号的平均强度"},{"key":"B","text":"信号的起伏程度"},{"key":"C","text":"信号的相关性"},{"key":"D","text":"信号的频率"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 47, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '傅里叶变换将信号变换到？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"时域"},{"key":"B","text":"频域"},{"key":"C","text":"空域"},{"key":"D","text":"码域"}]', answer: 'B', score: 1, sort_order: 48, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '信噪比等于？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"信号功率除以噪声功率"},{"key":"B","text":"噪声功率除以信号功率"},{"key":"C","text":"信号电压除以噪声电压"},{"key":"D","text":"信号电流除以噪声电流"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 49, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '纠错编码的主要作用是？', options: '[{"key":"A","text":"降低误码率"},{"key":"B","text":"提高误码率"},{"key":"C","text":"增加传输速率"},{"key":"D","text":"降低带宽占用"}]', answer: 'A', score: 1, sort_order: 50, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+    ];
+    await queryInterface.bulkInsert('choice_questions', choiceQuestions, {});
+
+    // ==================== 判断题 ====================
+    // 总分：20题 × 1分 = 20分
+    const judgeQuestions = [
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '调制的目的是将低频信号搬移到高频载波上，以便于天线辐射和信道传输。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 1, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'GPS接收机只需要接收到3颗卫星的信号即可实现三维定位。', answer: 'false', score: 1, sort_order: 2, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'AM调制的抗干扰能力优于FM调制。', answer: 'false', score: 1, sort_order: 3, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '卫星通信中的上行频率通常高于下行频率。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 4, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'NMEA-0183协议中每条语句都以"$"开头，以校验和结尾。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 5, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '北斗卫星导航系统由空间段、地面段、用户段三部分组成。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 6, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'RTK定位可以达到厘米级精度。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 7, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '电离层延迟误差与太阳活动无关。', answer: 'false', score: 1, sort_order: 8, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: '差分定位可以提高定位精度。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 9, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', question: 'GPS卫星本身就是原子钟，提供精确的时间标准。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 10, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'OFDM系统中，循环前缀的长度必须大于信道的最大时延扩展。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 11, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '北斗系统只能提供区域导航定位服务，不能提供全球服务。', answer: 'false', score: 1, sort_order: 12, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '边缘计算可以将计算任务从云端下沉到网络边缘，降低时延。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 13, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '数字签名技术可以防止通信内容被窃听。', answer: 'false', score: 1, sort_order: 14, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'Massive MIMO技术通过增加天线数量来提升系统容量。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 15, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '香农公式说明信道容量与带宽和信噪比都正相关。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 16, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'LDPC码是一种高性能的信道编码。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 17, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'TCP协议提供面向连接的可靠服务。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 18, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: 'UDP协议提供流量控制和拥塞控制。', answer: 'false', score: 1, sort_order: 19, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', question: '奈奎斯特第一准则告诉我们理想低通信道的最高码元传输速率等于2B。', answer: 'true', score: 1, sort_order: 20, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+    ];
+    await queryInterface.bulkInsert('judge_questions', judgeQuestions, {});
+
+    // ==================== 综合性任务 ====================
+    // 总分：1题 × 30分 = 30分
+    const wordQuestions = [
+      { group: 'zhongzhi', title: '卫星通信系统基本原理', description: '请结合第一篇卫星通信技术，简述卫星通信系统的基本组成，包括空间段、地面段、用户段三大部分，并说明各部分的主要功能。分析GEO/MEO/LEO三种轨道的特点及其适用场景，举例说明典型应用。', score: 30, sort_order: 1, template_path: null, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+      { group: 'gaozhi', title: '卫星导航融合定位方案设计', description: '请结合第二篇卫星导航技术，设计一个GNSS/INS组合导航定位方案。要求：(1) 分析组合导航的必要性；(2) 说明GNSS和INS各自优缺点；(3) 给出卡尔曼滤波融合框架；(4) 分析预期性能改进。', score: 30, sort_order: 1, template_path: null, created_at: now, updated_at: now },
+    ];
+    await queryInterface.bulkInsert('word_questions', wordQuestions, {});
+  },
+
+  down: async (queryInterface) => {
+    await queryInterface.bulkDelete('choice_questions', null, {});
+    await queryInterface.bulkDelete('judge_questions', null, {});
+    await queryInterface.bulkDelete('word_questions', null, {});
+  },
+};